Abstract

The world today faces new and important challenges, among them energy crisis and the improvement of electrochemical
properties of materials are the prominent ones. The way to improve the mechanical and electrochemical properties for (carbon
nanotubes [CNTs]) is to incorporate some reinforcement materials such as hydroxyapatite (HAP) and polypyrrole (PPy). The
synthesis of nanocomposites based on CNTs and HAP coating has been applied with PPy by in situ polymerization method.
CNTs provide strength and toughness to delicate HAP (HAP and PPy) thereby acting as brilliant reinforcement material. First,
a mixed acid solution was treated with CNTs to obtain functionalized CNTs. Then, in the next step, HAP is dispersed in
CNTs after which PPy is coated on the resultant mixture, leading to the formation of PPy/single-walled CNTs (SWCNT)/HAP
composite. The nanocomposite has been synthesized by varying the percentage of f-SWCNT from 0.25% to 0.75%. The sol–gel
method was employed for preparing the nanocomposite, in which it described by the in situ preparation of SWCNT/HAP/PPy
nanocomposite. The nanocomposite formation was confirmed by “scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared
spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis.” The design and fabrication of structural nanomaterials are essential for many
applications. The present work describes the electrochemical properties and removal of heavy metals from wastewater.