Abstract

Microwave heating, being very quick and specific, is widely used as an easy mode of heating in organic synthesis. Nowadays,
the advantages of this technique have made it more widely used. The conventional methods of organic synthesis normally need
a longer heating time, elaborate apparatus setup, which result in a higher cost, and the use of excessive reagents and solvents
leads to environmental pollution. Microwave-assisted synthesis provides the benefits of higher yields, greater reaction rates
and selectivity, at the same time generating new, improved, economically viable, and environment-friendly processes for the
synthesis of a large number of organic molecules. This technique is considered an important approach toward green chemistry.
Microwave synthesis also opens up new opportunities to the chemist in the form of new reactions that were not possible in
conventional heating. This article focuses on the different applications of microwave-assisted synthesis, solid-phase synthesis,
green chemistry, and nanotechnology and also discusses the basic mechanism involved in microwave heating.