Abstract

Citrate is a well-known kreb cycle product, makes up around 90% of the total content is located in the skeletal
system. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is the most widely accepted biomaterial for the repair and reconstruction of bone
tissue defects. It is biocompatible, bioactive, osteoconductive, non-toxic, non-inflammatory, and non-immunogenic.
Periodontal regeneration is defined as the restoration of lost periodontium or supporting tissues and includes
the formation of new alveolar bone, new cementum, and periodontal ligament. Initially, the majority of synthetic
materials were based on calcium phosphates, such as HA and beta-tricalcium phosphate, because of their ability to
replicate the native mineral constituent of bone tissue. Although biomimetic and osteogenic, their applications are
severely limited when fabricated into porous structures due to the inherent brittleness and very slow degradation
rates. To improve their utility, the hybridization of bioceramics and biodegradable polymers has been widely
adopted to reform the mechanical properties and bioactivity of the resulting materials. Thus, a scaffold was
prepared, that is HA was incorporated in the elastomeric polymer (poly-1,8-octanediol), which contains citric acid
as the additive factor, to enhance the formation of bone and bone mineral density. This study aims to evaluate citric
acid-based nano HA composite graft in the regeneration of supporting bone around the teeth over 1 year.